Decades of conflict, recurrent natural disasters, economic decline, climate change, and large-scale returns are placing significant pressure on Afghan communities. Since late 2023, more than 6 million Afghans have returned from Pakistan and Iran, with millions more expected. At the same time, climate change and the loss of rural livelihoods are driving migration to cities and peri-urban areas in search of safety, employment, and access to services. Accommodating current and future urban growth requires investments in adequate housing, infrastructure, public spaces, environmental protection, and urban planning. Regenerating cities goes beyond physical reconstruction; it requires integrated approaches that strengthen services, improve living conditions, protect the environment, and enhance community well-being. To mark Urban October, UN-Habitat, in partnership with Kardan University, will host a panel discussion on sustainable urbanization in Afghanistan. The event will explore key urban challenges and opportunities while highlighting practical solutions. A photo exhibition will complement the discussion by showcasing inspiring urban development examples from Afghanistan, the region, and beyond, demonstrating how cities can drive inclusive and sustainable development. Planned activities: - Panel discussion on the challenges and opportunities of sustainable urbanization in Afghanistan. - Photo exhibition featuring inspiring examples from Afghan and international cities.