The rights of Indigenous Peoples in the context of a just transition to sustainable energy systems, including in relation to critical minerals.

A "just transition" to sustainable energy must not become a new form of green colonialism on our lands. For decades, we have lived with the devastating impacts of mining, watching our sacred river turn red with toxic waste and our communities suffer. This experience has taught us that any development, including for critical minerals, is only just if it is led by us. Our customary land rights are our lifeblood. We demand that any new project—from renewable energy to mineral extraction—uphold our Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC). This means genuine partnership and co-ownership, not just consultation. Our traditional knowledge is essential for protecting our land and biodiversity, and it must be at the core of all planning. A truly just transition will recognize us as equal partners and leaders in the fight for a sustainable future, not as victims of past and future exploitation.